Useful terminal and shell commands

• Terminal tools

Be careful with mv and rm commands! You can easily overwrite or destroy valuable data. Use with caution. Back up files or use version control!

wc - count words, lines, etc.
less - read smth long in terminal instead of printing it
gunzip file.gz - unzip gzipped files
ls -R - recursively list files
whereis/which - where is a certain program
hexdump - show bytes. hexdump -vC is handy.

awk - execute data queries
cut - awk na minimalkah
grep - search for a particular text
Managing users in Linux

• ctrl + r - search history. You can also use history
• ctrl + a - beginning of a line
• ctrl + e - end of a line
• ctrl + w - delete a word
• ctrl + u - delete whole command
• ctrl + l - clear screen
• !! - last executed command. Forgot sudo? Use sudo !!. Doesn’t work in fish.
• convert file.{jpg,png} => convert file.jpg file.png
• cd - - go to last visited folder
• pushd, popd - alternative to cd, uses stack
• <( ) - process substitution, treat output like a file (no more temporary files): diff <(ls) <(ls -a)

• more bash tricks